critical cactusGoogle Nest Smart Thermostat earns our recommendation for the Best HVAC Thermostat because it balances intelligent energy-saving features with a design that accommodates many homes without requiring a C-wire.
Selecting the right climate control device requires balancing your home's existing wiring, your preference for smart automation, and your desired level of manual control. While some users prioritize remote access and scheduling via mobile apps, others prefer the simplicity of a traditional interface that functions reliably without network connectivity.
Understanding the specific requirements of your heating and cooling system is the most critical step in this process. Compatibility with your HVAC equipment—whether it is a single-stage system, a heat pump, or a multi-stage furnace—determines which models will function correctly and safely in your living space.
If you are looking for more granular control over your daily climate, our guide on the Best HVAC Programmable Thermostat offers deeper insights into scheduling features.
10 Best HVAC Thermostat in 2026 Reviews
Quick Comparison
| Product | Best For | Key Strength | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| Google Nest Smart Thermostat | Best Overall | ENERGY STAR certified for efficient energy management. | 4.9 |
| Amazon Smart Thermostat | Best Alexa-Integrated Climate Control | Honeywell Home Thermostat Technology for proven reliability | 4.8 |
| Sensi Smart Thermostat | Best for Easy DIY Setup | No c-wire required for most installations | 4.4 |
| Sensi Lite Smart Thermostat | Compact Pick for Tight Spaces | ENERGY STAR-certified for improved energy management. | 4.7 |
| Honeywell Home RTH20B Thermostat | Best for Simple 5-2 Scheduling | No C-wire required due to battery-powered operation. | 4.4 |
| Heagstat H701 Non-Programmable Thermostat | Easiest to Maintain Manual Control | Simple manual operation with no complex programming required. | 4.7 |
| Garystat G701-B Digital Thermostat | Includes Indoor Humidity Monitoring | Integrated humidity monitoring for better indoor climate awareness. | 4.7 |
| Riseem STN621 Heat Pump Thermostat | Best for Single-Stage Heat Pumps | Dual power supply options including battery backup. | 4.9 |
| Riseem S3001 Non-Programmable Thermostat | Reliable Basic Temperature Control | Dual power supply options including battery or 24VAC. | 4.5 |
| Suuwer S701 Digital Thermostat | High Visibility Blue Backlight | Large blue backlit display for excellent readability. | 4.4 |
How We Chose
When evaluating the Best HVAC Thermostat, we focus on technical compatibility and user-centric design. An experienced reviewer prioritizes how well a unit integrates with existing home infrastructure, the clarity of its interface for daily adjustments, and the practical value of its energy-saving features, ensuring the device provides reliable climate control without unnecessary complexity.
- System Compatibility: Verifying if the thermostat supports your specific HVAC configuration, such as single-stage, multi-stage, or heat pump systems.
- Wiring Requirements: Assessing whether the unit necessitates a C-wire for constant power or if it can operate on batteries or alternative power accessories.
- Control Interface: Evaluating the ease of adjusting temperatures via physical buttons, touchscreens, or integrated mobile applications.
- Scheduling Capabilities: Determining the flexibility of programming, including 5-2 day schedules, geofencing, or automated learning algorithms.
- Maintenance Alerts: Checking for built-in monitoring features that provide reminders for filter changes or system performance anomalies.
1 Google Nest Smart Thermostat — Best for Energy-Efficient Scheduling
Managing home comfort efficiently often starts with the Google Nest Thermostat, a device engineered to reduce energy waste by automatically adjusting temperatures when you are away. This ENERGY STAR certified smart thermostat integrates directly into your home environment, providing a streamlined interface for climate control.
The Google Nest Thermostat offers robust connectivity through Wi-Fi (802.11b/g/n 2.4 GHz and 802.11a/n 5 GHz) and Bluetooth Low Energy, allowing for seamless remote adjustments via the Google Home app. Users can create customized, energy-efficient schedules from their smartphone or tablet, ensuring the system operates only when needed.
Installation is designed for accessibility, as the unit typically functions without a C wire in most homes. However, users should verify compatibility using the online Nest Compatibility Checker, as specific systems like heat pumps or zone-controlled setups may require a C wire or additional power accessories. The device also includes HVAC monitoring capabilities, which provide alerts and maintenance reminders to help keep your heating and cooling systems running effectively.
Beyond its core scheduling functions, the Google Nest Thermostat supports voice control through Google Assistant and other Matter-certified platforms. The Savings Finder feature actively suggests schedule tweaks to further optimize energy usage, potentially helping users identify additional rebate opportunities through their local energy providers.
Best for: Homeowners seeking an energy-efficient, app-controlled thermostat with smart scheduling and remote access capabilities.
Skip if: Users with complex HVAC systems requiring a C wire who are unable to install one or utilize a compatible power accessory.
- ENERGY STAR certified for efficient energy management.
- Remote control via the Google Home app on mobile devices.
- HVAC monitoring provides proactive system alerts and maintenance reminders.
- Broad compatibility with Google Assistant and Matter-certified voice platforms.
- Requires a C wire or compatible accessory for specific heating and cooling system configurations.
2 Amazon Smart Thermostat — Best Alexa-Integrated Climate Control
Managing home climate efficiently requires a reliable interface that integrates seamlessly with your existing smart home ecosystem. The Amazon Smart Thermostat offers a streamlined approach to temperature regulation, utilizing Honeywell Home Thermostat Technology backed by over 130 years of industry experience to ensure consistent performance.
Designed for modern convenience, this device allows for automatic control of your HVAC system, enabling Alexa to switch between home, away, and sleep temperature profiles based on your habits. Users can adjust settings remotely via the Alexa app or use voice commands through compatible Echo devices to maintain comfort without manual intervention.
The unit supports the creation of comfort zones when paired with additional hardware like the Amazon Smart Air Quality Monitor or select Echo devices, which can trigger adjustments based on presence detection or specific temperature readings. This functionality helps optimize energy usage, potentially aligning with ENERGY STAR standards to assist in reducing yearly utility bills.
Installation is guided through the Alexa app, though it is important to note that a C-wire is required for operation. Once installed, the system provides a straightforward path to energy management, and Amazon offers resources to help identify potential rebates from local energy providers to offset the initial purchase cost.
Best for: Homeowners seeking a reliable, Alexa-integrated climate control solution who already have a C-wire installed in their HVAC system.
Skip if: Users whose HVAC systems lack a C-wire or those who prefer a thermostat that does not rely on Amazon Alexa for its primary smart features.
- Honeywell Home Thermostat Technology for proven reliability
- Automatic temperature adjustments via Alexa routines
- Remote control capabilities through the Alexa app
- Potential for energy bill savings through smart scheduling
- C-wire requirement may necessitate additional wiring for older HVAC systems
3 Sensi Smart Thermostat — Best for Easy DIY Setup
Managing home climate control often involves complex wiring, but the Sensi Smart Thermostat simplifies the process by functioning without a common wire (c-wire) in most residential applications. This design choice allows for a straightforward upgrade from traditional wall units without requiring extensive electrical modifications.
The Sensi Smart Thermostat is engineered for Easy DIY Installation, featuring a built-in level and guided app instructions to assist users through the setup process. Its physical footprint is designed to match standard thermostats, ensuring that homeowners can replace older hardware without needing to patch or paint the surrounding wall area.
Beyond installation, the device focuses on efficiency and data transparency. As an ENERGY STAR-certified product, it provides tools for flexible scheduling and remote access, which can help reduce HVAC energy consumption by approximately 23%. Users can also leverage Smart Maintenance features, including equipment performance monitoring and automated alerts for filter replacements.
Security remains a core focus, with a clear Privacy Protection policy stating that personal information is not sold to third parties. The unit provides ongoing value through detailed usage reports, allowing for better oversight of HVAC system efficiency over time.
Best for: Homeowners seeking a straightforward, DIY-friendly smart thermostat upgrade that functions without requiring a c-wire.
Skip if: Users who require advanced multi-room sensor integration or a high-resolution touchscreen display, as this model utilizes a traditional button-based interface.
- No c-wire required for most installations
- Easy DIY setup with built-in level and app guidance
- ENERGY STAR-certified for potential energy savings
- Privacy-focused data policy
- Smart maintenance alerts and usage reporting
- Button-based interface lacks modern touchscreen aesthetics
- Limited advanced features compared to premium sensor-heavy models
4 Sensi Lite Smart Thermostat — Compact Pick for Tight Spaces
Managing home comfort efficiently often starts with the hardware on your wall, and the Sensi Lite Smart Thermostat offers a streamlined approach for those looking to modernize their HVAC control. This device stands out by prioritizing a compact, low-profile design that integrates into most home environments without dominating the wall space.
The Sensi Lite Smart Thermostat is engineered for easy DIY installation, featuring a built-in level and straightforward instructions to assist with the setup process. It is compatible with a wide range of standard HVAC equipment found in most homes. While it is designed to function without a C-wire in many configurations, users should note that certain systems—specifically heating-only, cooling-only, and heat pump setups—may require a C-wire or a compatible power accessory to ensure consistent operation.
Beyond its physical design, the unit provides significant utility through its ENERGY STAR-certified performance. By utilizing features such as flexible scheduling, geofencing, and detailed usage reports, the thermostat helps users manage their HVAC energy consumption, with potential savings of about 23% on energy costs. Users can manage these settings remotely via the top-rated mobile app available for Android and iOS devices.
Data privacy is a core component of the Sensi Lite Smart Thermostat experience. The manufacturer maintains a policy of not selling personal information to third parties or leveraging thermostat activity data for advertising or targeting purposes. This focus on privacy, combined with its remote access capabilities and Alexa compatibility, makes it a practical choice for those seeking a balance between smart home convenience and data security.
Best for: Homeowners seeking a compact, privacy-focused smart thermostat that offers energy-saving scheduling and remote app control.
Skip if: Users with specific HVAC systems like heat pumps or heating-only setups who are unable to provide a C-wire or compatible power accessory.
- ENERGY STAR-certified for improved energy management.
- Compact, low-profile design that fits easily in tight spaces.
- Privacy-focused data policy with no third-party selling of personal information.
- Easy DIY installation with a built-in level included.
- C-wire requirement for specific HVAC configurations like heat pumps.
- Limited physical interface compared to larger touch-screen models.
5 Honeywell Home RTH20B Thermostat — Best for Simple 5-2 Scheduling
Managing home climate control requires a reliable interface, and the Honeywell Home RTH20B Thermostat offers a straightforward approach for those seeking consistent temperature regulation. This unit is designed for single-stage systems, providing essential compatibility for 1 Heat/1 Cool setups, including forced air, gas, oil, and hot water systems.
The device features 5-2 day scheduling, allowing users to program distinct heating and cooling patterns for weekdays and weekends. For those who prefer manual control, it also includes a non-programmable option. The interface is centered around a large, backlit display with clear fonts, ensuring that current settings and temperatures are easily readable at a glance.
Installation is streamlined through the use of the Honeywell Home UWP wall plate, which is engineered to simplify the mounting process and accommodate future device upgrades. Because the unit is battery powered (2 AA), it does not require a C-wire, making it a practical choice for many existing home configurations.
Beyond basic temperature management, the thermostat includes functional utility features such as change air filter reminders and an extended 32°F low-heat setpoint. These additions help maintain system efficiency and provide basic freeze protection, backed by a 1-year warranty.
Best for: Homeowners seeking a simple, battery-operated, programmable thermostat for single-stage heating and cooling systems.
Skip if: Users with electric baseboard heat (120-240V) or multi-stage HVAC systems will find this model incompatible.
- No C-wire required due to battery-powered operation.
- 5-2 day scheduling allows for flexible weekly programming.
- Easy installation using the UWP wall plate system.
- Backlit display with large, legible fonts.
- Not compatible with high-voltage electric baseboard heating.
- Batteries not included in the package.
6 Heagstat H701 Non-Programmable Thermostat — Easiest to Maintain Manual Control
Maintaining consistent indoor temperatures should not require a complex interface or a digital degree in engineering. The Heagstat H701 Non-Programmable Thermostat prioritizes straightforward, manual operation, offering a 1 Heat/1 Cool control scheme that eliminates the need for scheduling or smart-home integration. Its design focuses on accessibility, featuring a 4.5 sq inch backlit LCD screen that ensures visibility in low-light conditions.
Engineered for compatibility with 24V conventional single-stage systems, this unit supports forced air, gas, oil, and electric HVAC setups. The dual power supply design provides flexibility, allowing the thermostat to run on 24VAC hardwired power or 2 AAA batteries. Installation is designed for a standard DIY approach, utilizing 18-22 gauge thermostat wire across standard terminals including RH, RC, W, Y, G, and C.
Precision is managed through an adjustable temperature swing of 0.2F to 2F and a manual calibration range of -4F to +4F. To protect HVAC equipment, the device includes a built-in 5-minute adjustable compressor delay. The unit is housed in a compact, minimalist off-white frame measuring 0.98 inches deep, making it a low-profile addition to residential wall spaces.
While this model excels in simplicity, it is strictly limited to single-stage configurations. It is not compatible with multi-stage heating or cooling, heat pumps, PTAC units, or high-voltage line systems. Users should verify their specific HVAC system type prior to installation to ensure the terminal configuration meets their requirements.
Best for: Homeowners seeking a simple, non-programmable manual interface for standard single-stage 24V heating and cooling systems.
Skip if: You require smart-home connectivity, multi-stage system support, or compatibility with heat pumps and high-voltage baseboard heaters.
- Simple manual operation with no complex programming required.
- Dual power supply options using hardwired 24VAC or AAA batteries.
- Clear backlit display for easy reading in various lighting conditions.
- Adjustable compressor delay protection for equipment longevity.
- No support for multi-stage or heat pump HVAC systems.
- Limited terminal compatibility excludes advanced heating and cooling setups.
7 Garystat G701-B Digital Thermostat — Includes Indoor Humidity Monitoring
Managing home comfort requires a reliable interface, and the Garystat G701-B Digital Thermostat offers a straightforward, non-programmable solution for single-stage systems. Designed with simplicity in mind, this unit features a large digital display with a blue backlight and distinct buttons, making it an accessible choice for those who prefer manual temperature adjustments over complex scheduling.
Beyond basic heating and cooling control, this thermostat includes an integrated indoor humidity monitor. This feature provides real-time data on your home's moisture levels, with a display range of 10% to 99% RH, and can be toggled on or off based on your preference. It maintains precise temperature control within +/- 1 degree, ensuring consistent comfort throughout your living space.
Installation is designed to be user-friendly, as the unit is dual-powered by 24VAC or 2 AAA batteries, eliminating the need for a C-wire in many setups. It also incorporates safety and maintenance features such as compressor delay protection and a low-battery reminder. The device is compatible with conventional gas, oil, or electric furnaces and air conditioning systems.
Before installation, it is essential to verify compatibility, as this model is strictly for single-stage systems. It will not function with multistage equipment, heat pumps, 120/240V line voltage systems, or hydronic heating. With its focus on ease of use and essential monitoring, the Garystat G701-B Digital Thermostat provides a practical, no-frills approach to climate management.
Best for: Homeowners with a standard single-stage heating and cooling system who prefer a simple, non-programmable interface with added humidity tracking.
Skip if: Users with multistage HVAC equipment, heat pumps, or line-voltage heating systems, as this thermostat is not compatible with those configurations.
- Integrated humidity monitoring for better indoor climate awareness.
- Large, easy-to-read display with a blue backlight for high visibility.
- No C-wire required thanks to dual power options (24VAC or batteries).
- Precise temperature control with +/- 1 degree accuracy.
- Limited compatibility as it only supports single-stage conventional systems.
- Non-programmable design lacks automated scheduling features.
8 Riseem STN621 Heat Pump Thermostat — Best for Single-Stage Heat Pumps
Managing home climate control requires a reliable interface that balances simplicity with essential functionality. The Riseem STN621 Heat Pump Thermostat offers a straightforward, non-programmable solution designed for users who prefer direct, manual adjustment over complex scheduling. Its backlit LCD display ensures visibility in low-light conditions, while the large terminal blocks on the universal sub-base facilitate a streamlined installation process that can typically be completed in under 30 minutes.
This unit provides high compatibility across a broad range of systems, including forced air, electric furnaces, and heat pumps with or without auxiliary heat. It operates via a dual power supply, accepting either 24VAC power or 2 AAA batteries. Notably, it does not require a common wire (C-wire) for most installations, though it remains a requirement for heat-only or cool-only configurations. The front-load battery compartment allows for quick maintenance without needing to remove the thermostat from the wall.
Engineered for system longevity, the thermostat features an adjustable temperature differential (swing). This setting allows users to fine-tune the cycling frequency of their HVAC equipment, which can help optimize energy usage and reduce mechanical wear. The interface is intentionally minimalist, focusing on essential temperature control rather than advanced automation, making it a practical choice for those seeking a no-nonsense approach to thermal regulation.
Before installation, it is critical to verify system compatibility, as this model is not compatible with line voltage systems, such as electric baseboard heat (110-240V), radiant-ceiling heat, or mini-split systems. It is also unsuitable for two-transformer setups or conventional multi-stage systems. By confirming these technical requirements beforehand, users can ensure a smooth integration with their existing heating and cooling infrastructure.
Best for: Homeowners seeking a simple, non-programmable, and easy-to-install thermostat for single-stage conventional or heat pump systems.
Skip if: Users requiring smart home connectivity, multi-stage system support, or line-voltage compatibility for electric baseboard heaters.
- Dual power supply options including battery backup.
- Adjustable temperature differential for system optimization.
- Easy-to-read backlit LCD display.
- Universal sub-base design for simplified installation.
- Not compatible with line voltage or electric baseboard systems.
- Lacks advanced programming or scheduling features.
9 Riseem S3001 Non-Programmable Thermostat — Reliable Basic Temperature Control
Maintaining consistent indoor comfort requires reliable hardware, and the Riseem S3001 Non-Programmable Thermostat offers a straightforward solution for managing single-stage heating and cooling systems. This digital unit is designed for users who prefer simple, manual control over their environment without the complexity of scheduling or smart-home integration.
The device features a clear, backlight LCD display that ensures visibility in low-light conditions, paired with intuitive controls for adjusting settings. It provides accurate temperature control of +/-1-Degree F, allowing for precise adjustments within a range of 44°F to 90°F. To optimize efficiency, the thermostat includes a separate heating and cooling swing (cycle rate), which helps users manage temperature fluctuations to potentially reduce energy usage.
Installation is designed to be accessible, utilizing large terminal blocks and a universal sub-base. The unit offers flexible power options, supporting either 24VAC power or 2 AA batteries. Notably, it does not require a common wire (C-wire) for most installations, though one is necessary for heat-only or cool-only systems. The compact design measures approximately 5.43 by 3.86 inches, making it a low-profile addition to a wall.
Compatibility is limited to specific conventional systems, including single-stage gas, oil, or electric furnaces, boilers, and cooling-only setups. It is not suitable for multistage systems, heat pumps, or high-voltage electric baseboard heating. Before purchase, users should verify their wiring configuration, as the base supports a maximum of 2 to 5 wires.
Best for: Homeowners seeking a simple, non-programmable interface for standard single-stage heating and cooling systems.
Skip if: Users with multistage systems, heat pumps, or those requiring advanced scheduling and remote smart-home connectivity.
- Dual power supply options including battery or 24VAC.
- No C-wire required for most standard installations.
- Large backlight LCD for easy readability.
- Adjustable cycle rate for improved temperature management.
- Limited compatibility with multistage or specialized heating systems.
- Non-programmable design lacks automated scheduling features.
10 Suuwer S701 Digital Thermostat — High Visibility Blue Backlight
Maintaining a comfortable indoor climate requires precise control, and the Suuwer S701 Digital Thermostat offers a straightforward, non-programmable solution for single-stage systems. Designed with a large, clear backlit digital display, this unit prioritizes visibility, making it a practical choice for those who prefer a simple, high-contrast interface over complex smart features.
This thermostat is engineered specifically for conventional single-stage heating and cooling, such as gas, oil, or electric furnaces. It provides accurate temperature control of +/- 1-degree F and includes a selectable 5-minute compressor delay protection to safeguard equipment. Users can also adjust the heat or cool swing settings between 0.2°F and 2°F to fine-tune cycling frequency for consistent comfort.
Installation is designed to be user-friendly for standard setups, as the unit is dual-powered by 24VAC or 2 AAA batteries, eliminating the need for a common wire (c-wire) in most applications. The device features a clean, compact design measuring 4.72 inches in length and 3.81 inches in height, fitting discreetly into most home environments.
Before installation, it is essential to verify system compatibility, as this model is strictly limited to 1-heat/1-cool configurations. It is incompatible with multistage systems, heat pumps, line voltage systems, and PTAC units. Ensuring your existing wiring matches the 2 to 5 wire requirement is critical to avoid installation issues.
Best for: Homeowners with simple, single-stage heating and cooling systems who prefer a non-programmable, high-visibility interface.
Skip if: Users with multistage HVAC systems, heat pumps, or line-voltage electric baseboard heating, as this unit is not compatible with those configurations.
- Large blue backlit display for excellent readability.
- No common wire (c-wire) required for most installations.
- Adjustable temperature swing and compressor delay settings.
- Simple non-programmable operation for straightforward control.
- Limited compatibility with only single-stage systems.
- Not suitable for heat pumps or multistage HVAC setups.
Best HVAC Thermostat Buying Guide
Assessing System Compatibility
Before purchasing any thermostat, you must identify the type of HVAC system currently installed in your home. Most residential systems are single-stage, but high-efficiency furnaces and heat pumps often require specific wiring configurations that standard thermostats cannot support.
Always check your existing thermostat's wiring terminals. Labels such as R, W, Y, G, and C provide the necessary clues to determine if a new unit will be compatible. If your system uses proprietary communication protocols, verify that the new thermostat is explicitly rated for that equipment.
The Importance of the C-Wire
The common wire, or C-wire, provides a continuous 24V power supply to the thermostat, which is essential for Wi-Fi-enabled smart models. Without this constant power, smart features like remote access and backlit displays may fail to function correctly.
If your home lacks a C-wire, you have two primary options: choose a model designed to work without one, or purchase a power adapter kit. Some modern thermostats include power-sharing technology, but these may still require a C-wire for certain complex heating or cooling setups.
Smart vs. Manual Controls
Smart thermostats offer convenience through mobile apps, remote monitoring, and automated scheduling based on your presence. These features are ideal for homeowners looking to optimize energy usage while away from home.
Manual or non-programmable thermostats remain a reliable choice for those who prefer simple, tactile control. They are often easier for elderly users to operate and do not rely on internet connectivity or complex app setups to maintain a comfortable temperature.
Energy Efficiency and Scheduling
Programmable thermostats allow you to set specific temperatures for different times of the day, which can significantly reduce energy consumption. Features like 5-2 day scheduling enable you to create distinct routines for weekdays and weekends.
Advanced models take this further with geofencing, which detects when you leave the house and automatically adjusts the temperature. This ensures you are not heating or cooling an empty home, leading to potential savings on your monthly utility bills.
Maintenance and Monitoring
Modern thermostats often include diagnostic features that monitor your HVAC system's performance. These units can send alerts if your furnace or air conditioner is not cycling correctly, allowing you to address issues before they become costly repairs.
Look for models that provide filter change reminders based on actual usage rather than a set calendar date. This helps maintain optimal airflow and efficiency, extending the lifespan of your heating and cooling equipment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a professional to install a new thermostat?
Many smart and manual thermostats are designed for DIY installation. However, if you are uncomfortable working with electrical wiring or if your system requires a C-wire that is not currently present, consulting a professional HVAC technician is recommended.
Will a smart thermostat work if my Wi-Fi goes down?
Yes, most smart thermostats will continue to operate based on their last programmed schedule even without an internet connection. You will simply lose the ability to control the device remotely via your smartphone until the connection is restored.
What is the difference between a single-stage and multi-stage system?
A single-stage system operates at one speed—either fully on or fully off. A multi-stage system can run at different levels of intensity, allowing for more precise temperature control and improved energy efficiency.
Can I use a smart thermostat with an electric baseboard heater?
Most standard smart thermostats are designed for 24V low-voltage systems and are not compatible with 120V or 240V line-voltage electric baseboard heaters. You must purchase a thermostat specifically rated for line-voltage applications.
How do I know if my thermostat is compatible with a heat pump?
Check your current thermostat wiring for an O or B terminal, which is typically used to control the reversing valve on heat pump systems. Always verify the manufacturer's compatibility list before purchasing a new unit.
Conclusion: Our Top Pick
Our top pick is Google Nest Smart Thermostat. Choosing the right thermostat depends on your specific HVAC setup and your desire for smart features versus simple, manual operation. By verifying your wiring and system type first, you can ensure a smooth installation and reliable performance for years to come.
Whether you opt for a high-tech smart model that learns your habits or a straightforward digital unit, the right choice will help maintain a comfortable indoor environment while keeping your energy usage in check.